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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Открытое образование</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Open Education</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-4243</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-5939</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/1818-4243-2018-6-27-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oo-573</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАЧЕСТВО ЗНАНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>QUALITY OF KNOWLEDGE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Практики управления знаниями в нефтяных компаниях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Knowledge management practices in oil companies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безгинова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezginova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Александровна Безгинова – Институт «Высшая школа менеджмента»</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia A. Bezginova – Institute «High School of Management»</p><p>Saint Petersburgr</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yulia.bezginova2016@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаранина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garanina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Александровна Гаранина – кандидат экономических наук учета, Институт «Высшая школа менеджмента» </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Garanina –Cand. Sci. (Economics), Associate Professor, Department of Finance and Accounting, Gaduate School of Management</p><p>Saint Petersburgr</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">garanina@gsom.pu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtsev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Вячеславович Кудрявцев – кандидат техническихнаук, доцентт кафедры информационных технологий в менеджменте</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy V. Kudryavtsev– Cand. Sci. (Computer Science), Associate Professor, Information Technologies in Management Department, Graduate School of Management</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.v.kudryavtsev@gsom.pu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плешкова</surname><given-names>А. Ю</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pleshkova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Юрьевна Плешкова – менеджер по сопровождению проектов, Институт «Высшая школа менеджмента»</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya Yu. Pleshkova – Project support manager,GraduateSchool of management</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pleshkova@gsom.pu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Безгинова Ю.А., Гаранина Т.А., Кудрявцев Д.В., Плешкова А.Ю., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Безгинова Ю.А., Гаранина Т.А., Кудрявцев Д.В., Плешкова А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bezginova Y.A., Garanina T.A., Kudryavtsev D.V., Pleshkova A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://openedu.rea.ru/jour/article/view/573">https://openedu.rea.ru/jour/article/view/573</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. В экономике XXI века знания являются главным источником получения устойчивых конкурентных преимуществ предприятий, а управление знаниями (УЗ) – основным механизмом их обеспечения и поддержания. Люди и знания, которыми они обладают, ноу-хау, способность к инновациям, доверительные отношения с клиентами и партнерами и другие нематериальные активы становятся наиболее важными источниками развития организации. УЗ традиционно осуществляется с помощью следующих компонент: информационные технологии, организационные процессы и структуры, корпоративная культура и люди. Кроме того выделяют комплексные инструменты УЗ, которые, как правило, сочетают несколько компонент УЗ: библиотека документов (база знаний, корпоративная память), сообщества практиков, извлеченные уроки и др. Цель данного исследования – проиллюстрировать применение практик УЗ в компаниях нефтяной отрасли РФ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В данной статье использовался анализ вторичных источников данных, а также подробно рассмотрены два кейса, описывающие УЗ в деятельности нефтяных компаний России. Для того чтобы понять, на какой стадии находится развитие системы управления знаниями (СУЗ) в нефтяных компаниях России необходимо сравнивать использование инструментов УЗ в зарубежной и отечественной практике, в данной статье это выполнено на основе информации, предоставленной в открытых источниках. Наблюдения сформированы тезисно, указаны наиболее результативные примеры использования инструментов УЗ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В статье представлен обзор инструментов УЗ, рассмотрены примеры их использования в нефтегазовой отрасли, а также исследована отечественная практика их применения на основе кейсов российских нефтяных компаний. Представлены примеры использования инструментов УЗ, основанных на технологиях и сотрудниках, в зарубежных и российских нефтяных компаниях. На примере кейсов двух известных российских нефтяных компаний были рассмотрены этапы становления и развития СУЗ в компании, представлены конкретные практики УЗ, которые появлялись в компаниях на соответствующих этапах развития СУЗ, а также приведены особенности УЗ в каждой компании. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. По ряду причин нефтяные компании являются сторонниками проактивного использования систем УЗ. В процессе анализа были выявлены тенденции УЗ в нефтяном секторе экономики России, это: комплексность использования, слабое принятие инноваций, не касающихся производственных/технологических процессов, начало зарождения политики активного обмена знаниями, движение в сторону создания гибкой системы УЗ. Данная статья позволит привлечь внимание российских руководителей к проблематике управления знаниями и другими нематериальным активами и выявить управленческие практики, которые помогут российским компаниям успешно развиваться и конкурировать, опираясь на свой интеллектуальный капитал. Статья будет интересна также специалистам по управлению знаниями и практикам из смежных сфер.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The purpose of the study</title><p>The purpose of the study. In the economy of the 21st century, knowledge is the main source of obtaining sustainable competitive advantages of enterprises, and knowledge management (KM) is the main mechanism for ensuring and maintaining it. People and knowledge they possess, know-how, ability to innovate, trust relationships with customers and partners, and other intangible assets are becoming the most important sources of development for an organization. KM is traditionally carried out with the help of the following components: information technology, organizational processes and structures, corporate culture and people. In addition, there are complex tools of KM, which usually combine several KM components: a library of documents (knowledge base, corporate memory), communities of practice, lessons learned, etc. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the application of KM practices in companies in the oil industry of the Russian Federation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. This article used the analysis of secondary data sources, and also reviewed in detail two cases, describing KM in the activities of oil companies in Russia. In order to understand at what stage is the development of the knowledge management system (KMS) in oil companies of Russia it’s necessary to compare the use of KM tools in foreign and domestic practice, this paper is based on information, provided in open sources. Observations are formed and the most prominent examples of the use of KM tools are indicated. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The article provides an overview of KM tools, examples of their use in the oil and gas industries, and also examined the domestic practice of their use, based on cases of Russian oil companies. Examples of the use of KM tools, based on technologies and employees in foreign and Russian oil companies are pre-sented. On the example of cases of two well-known Russian oil companies, the stages of formation and de-velopment of knowledge management system in a company were considered, specific practices of KM, which appeared in companies at the respective stages of KMS development, were presented, as well as fea-tures of KM in each company.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. For a number of reasons, oil companies are advocates of the proactive use of KM systems. In the course of the analysis, the trends of KM in the oil sector of the Russian economy were identified: com-plexity of use, poor acceptance of innovations, not related to production/technological processes, the begin-ning of the emergence of a policy of active knowledge sharing, a move towards creating a flexible KM sys-tem. This article will draw the attention of Russian managers to the issue of knowledge management and other intangible assets and identify management practices that will help Russian companies to successfully develop and compete, based on their intellectual capital. The article will also be of interest for specialists in knowledge management and practitioners from related fields.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инструменты управления знаниями</kwd><kwd>практики управления знаниями</kwd><kwd>нефтяная отрасль</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>knowledge management tools</kwd><kwd>knowledge management practice</kwd><kwd>oil industry</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Российский научныйфонд (проект №15-18-30048).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bair J.H. The state of the product in knowledge management // Journal of Knowledge Management. 1998. №2 (2). P. 20–27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bair J.H. The state of the product in knowledge management. 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