ooОткрытое образованиеOpen Education1818-42432079-5939Plekhanov Russian University of Economics10.21686/1818-4243-2021-3-oo-799Research ArticleОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ СРЕДАEDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENTBuilding College Readiness: Theories and Practiceshttps://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1733-7809WariyoLemecha Geleto

Addis Ababa University

Faculty of Education

Department of Curriculum and Instruction

Ph.D. Student in Curriculum Studies

 

lemechageleto@yahoo.comAsgedomProfessor Amare Geleto

Professor Amare Asgedom is a Professor of education at Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.

asgedommare@gmail.comAddis Ababa University Wachemo UniversityRussian FederationAddis Ababa University Department of Curriculum and InstructionEthiopia202130072021253799Copyright © Wariyo L.G., Asgedom P.G., 20212021Wariyo L.G., Asgedom P.G.Wariyo L.G., Asgedom P.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://openedu.rea.ru/jour/article/view/799ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Building College Readiness (CR) is a significant factor in promoting college success and higher education (HE) student learning outcomes. This review was aimed at 1) Exploring theories and practices in building CR; 2) Examining the Ethiopian CR policy and Ethiopian Preparatory for HE (PP) curriculum through the lens of the theories and practices around the world. To achieve these objectives, the extant literature reviews were conducted. The study found that the Ethiopian CR curriculum, admission processes, and practices in teaching-learning show gaps in theories and practices. Also the review analysis shows that the current building college readiness has spread its roots in societal and ecological grounds than ever before. For this reason, the traditional school-based college readiness building should be supplemented by the current research oriented, and community-based or ecological one.

College ReadinessMeritocracyEquityQualityAddis Ababa University (Ethiopia); Wachemo University (Ethiopia)ReferencesCorresponding Profile:Moore, G. W., Slate, J. R., Edmonson, S. L., Combs, J. P., Bustamante, R. & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2010). High school students and their lack of preparedness for college: A statewide study. Education and Urban Society, 42(7), 817-838. doi:10.1177/0013124510379619Lemecha Geleto WariyoArnold, K. D., Lu, E. C. & Armstrong, K. J. (2012). The Ecology of College Readiness. New York: Wiley.Ph.D. candidate in Curriculum StudiesJackson, J. & Kurlaender, M. (2014). College readiness and college completion at broad access four-year institutions. American Behavioral Scientist, 58(8): 947–971, DOI: 10.1177/0002764213515229Addis Ababa University, College of EducationTierney, W.G. & Duncheon, J.C. (2015). The Problem of College Readiness. New York: University of New York press.Department of Curriculum and InstructionNunley, C. R., Shartle-Galotto, M. K. & Smith, M. H. (2000). Working with schools to prepare students for college: A case study. New Directions for Community Colleges, 2000(111), 59-71. doi:10.1002/cc.11107Orcid : https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1733-7809Brown, C.A. (2013). Common core state standards: The promise for college and career ready students in the U.S. In: Information Resources Management Association (USA), Handbook of Research on Teaching and Learning in K-20 Education (pp. 50-82). Florida: IRMAEmail: lemecha.geleto@aau.edu.etHarklau, L. (2001). From high school to college: Student perspectives on literacy practices. Journal of Literacy Research, 33(1), 33-70. https://doi.org/10.1080/10862960109548102Phone: +251913695748Lee, O. (2017). Common core state standards for ELA/literacy and next generation science standards. Educational Researcher, 46(2), 102 - 90.P.O.BOX: 1176, Addis Ababa UniversityBrøgger, K. (2019). How education standards gain hegemonic power and become international: The case of higher education and the Bologna Process. European Educational Research Journal, 18(2),158 - 180.Addis Ababa, EthiopiaMusoba, G.D. (2011). Accountability policies and readiness for college for diverse students. Educational Policy, 25(3), 451-487.Co-author:Pak, K. & Desimone, L. (2018). How do states implement college- and career-readiness standards? A distributed leadership analysis of standards-based reform. Educational Administration Quarterly, 55(3), 447 - 476.Professor Amare AsgedomSavage, G., O'connor, K. & Brass, J. (2014). Common core state standards: Implications for curriculum, equality and policy. Journal of Curriculum and Pedagogy, 11(1), 18 - 20.Professor of EducationDinsdale, J. (2016). Student Voice: Working to Ensure Successful Transition to Higher Education (first edition). London, RoutledgeAddis Ababa University, College of EducationConley, D. T. (2012). A complete definition of college and career readiness. USA: Educational Policy Improvement CenterDepartment of Curriculum and InstructionUy, P., Kim, S. & Khuon, C. (2019). College and career readiness of south east Asian-American college students in Eew England. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 20(4), 414 - 436.Email: asgedommare@gemail.comMokher, C.G., Rosenbaum, J., Gable, A., Ahearn, C., & Jacobson, L. (2018). Ready for what? Confusion around college and career readiness. Phi Delta Kappan, 100(4), 40 - 43.Phone: +251 911 407840Conley, D. T. (2008). Rethinking college readiness. New Directions for Higher Education, 144, 3-13. https://doi.org/10.1002/he.321P.O.BOX: 1176, Addis Ababa UniversityMattern, K., Burrus, J., Camara, W., Hanson, M., Gambrell, J.A., Casillas, A. & Bobek, B. (2014). Broadening the definition of college and career readiness: A holistic approach. USA: ACT Research Report Series.Addis Ababa, EthiopiaBronfenbrenner, U., and Morris, P. A. (2006). The Bioecological model of human development. In R. M. Lerner (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology (pp. 793–828). Hoboken: Wiley.Kitchen, J.A., Hallett, R.E., Perez, R.J. & Rivera, G.J. (2019). Advancing the use of ecological systems theory in college student research: The ecological systems interview tool. Journal of College Student Development, 60(4), 381-400. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2019.0043Kitchen, J.A., Hallett, R.E., Perez, R.J. & Rivera, G.J. (2019). Advancing the use of ecological systems theory in college student research: The ecological systems interview tool. Journal of College Student Development, 60(4), 381-400. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2019.0043Arnold, K. D., Lu, E. C. & Armstrong, K. J. (2012). The Ecology of College Readiness. New York: Wiley.Arnold, K. D., Lu, E. C. & Armstrong, K. J. (2012). The Ecology of College Readiness. New York: Wiley.Sá, C. & Tavares, O. (2017). How student choice consistency affects the success of applications in Portuguese higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 43(12), 2148-2160. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2017.1313219Sá, C. & Tavares, O. (2017). How student choice consistency affects the success of applications in Portuguese higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 43(12), 2148-2160. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2017.1313219Davidson, W. & Beck, H.P. (2019). Analyzing the commitment of college students using a brief, contextualized measure of need satisfaction from the perspective of self-determination theory. Psychological Reports. 122(3), 1145–1166. DOI: 10.1177/0033294118769452Davidson, W. & Beck, H.P. (2019). Analyzing the commitment of college students using a brief, contextualized measure of need satisfaction from the perspective of self-determination theory. Psychological Reports. 122(3), 1145–1166. DOI: 10.1177/0033294118769452Filak, V. F., & Nicolini, K. M. (2018). Differentiations in motivation and need satisfaction based on course modality: A self-determination theory perspective. Educational Psychology, 38(6), 772-784. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2018.1457776Filak, V. F., & Nicolini, K. M. (2018). Differentiations in motivation and need satisfaction based on course modality: A self-determination theory perspective. Educational Psychology, 38(6), 772-784. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2018.1457776Carter, D.F., Razo Dueñas, J.E. & Mendoza, R. (2019). Critical examination of the role of STEM in propagating and maintaining race and gender disparities. In: Paulsen, M.B. & Perna, L.W. (eds), Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research (Vol. 34). doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03457-3_2Carter, D.F., Razo Dueñas, J.E. & Mendoza, R. (2019). Critical examination of the role of STEM in propagating and maintaining race and gender disparities. In: Paulsen, M.B. & Perna, L.W. (eds), Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research (Vol. 34). doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03457-3_2Fong, C.J. & Kremer, K.P. (2020). An expectancy-calue approach to Maths underachievement: Examining high school achievement, college attendance, and STEM interest. Gifted Child Quarterly, 64(2), 67–84. DOI: 10.1177/0016986219890599Fong, C.J. & Kremer, K.P. (2020). An expectancy-calue approach to Maths underachievement: Examining high school achievement, college attendance, and STEM interest. Gifted Child Quarterly, 64(2), 67–84. DOI: 10.1177/0016986219890599Domina, T., Conley, A. & Farkas, G. (2011). The link between educational expectations and effort in the college-for-all era. Sociology of Education, 84(2) 93–112. DOI: 10.1177/1941406411401808Domina, T., Conley, A. & Farkas, G. (2011). The link between educational expectations and effort in the college-for-all era. Sociology of Education, 84(2) 93–112. DOI: 10.1177/1941406411401808Taylor, Z.E., Doane, L.D. & Eisenberg, N. (2014). Transitioning from high school to college: Relations of social support, ego-resiliency, and maladjustment during emerging adulthood. Emerging Adulthood, 2(2), 105-115. DOI: 10.1177/2167696813506885Taylor, Z.E., Doane, L.D. & Eisenberg, N. (2014). Transitioning from high school to college: Relations of social support, ego-resiliency, and maladjustment during emerging adulthood. Emerging Adulthood, 2(2), 105-115. DOI: 10.1177/2167696813506885Azmitia, M., Syed, M. & Kadmacher, K. (2013). Finding your niche: Identity and emotional support in emerging adults’ adjustment to the transition to college. Journal of research on adolescence, 23(4), 744–761.Azmitia, M., Syed, M. & Kadmacher, K. (2013). Finding your niche: Identity and emotional support in emerging adults’ adjustment to the transition to college. Journal of research on adolescence, 23(4), 744–761.Johnson, V. K., Gans, S. E., Kerr, S. & LaValle, W. (2010). Managing the transition to college: Family functioning, emotion coping, and adjustment in emerging adulthood. Journal of College Student Development, 51(6), 607-621. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2010.0022Johnson, V. K., Gans, S. E., Kerr, S. & LaValle, W. (2010). Managing the transition to college: Family functioning, emotion coping, and adjustment in emerging adulthood. Journal of College Student Development, 51(6), 607-621. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2010.0022Leary, K. A. & DeRosier, M. E. (2012). Factors promoting positive adaptation and resilience during the transition to college. Psychology, 03(12), 1215-1222. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2012.312a180Leary, K. A. & DeRosier, M. E. (2012). Factors promoting positive adaptation and resilience during the transition to college. Psychology, 03(12), 1215-1222. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2012.312a180Kim, D. (2012). The role of high school connections to high school colleges in adolescents' transitions to higher education. Sociological Spectrum, 32(5), 10 – 531Kim, D. (2012). The role of high school connections to high school colleges in adolescents' transitions to higher education. Sociological Spectrum, 32(5), 10 – 531West, M., Sima, A., Wehman, P., Chan, F. & Luecking, R.G. (2018). Students at high risk of poor school-to-work outcomes: Mitigating factors. Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 32(2), 78 - 88.West, M., Sima, A., Wehman, P., Chan, F. & Luecking, R.G. (2018). Students at high risk of poor school-to-work outcomes: Mitigating factors. Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 32(2), 78 - 88.Derefinko, K.J., Charnigo, R., Peters, J.R., Adams, Z., Milich, R. & Lynam, D. (2016). Substance use trajectories from early adolescence through the transition to college. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 77(6), 924-935.Derefinko, K.J., Charnigo, R., Peters, J.R., Adams, Z., Milich, R. & Lynam, D. (2016). Substance use trajectories from early adolescence through the transition to college. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 77(6), 924-935.Quinn, P.D. & Fromme, K. (2011). The role of person-environment interactions in increased alcohol use in the transition to college. Addiction, 106 (6),1104-1113.Quinn, P.D. & Fromme, K. (2011). The role of person-environment interactions in increased alcohol use in the transition to college. Addiction, 106 (6),1104-1113.Gonçalves, A.M., Cabral, L.R., Ferreira, M.C., Martins, M.C. & Duarte, J.C. (2017). Negative life events and resilience in higher education students. The European Journal of Social and Behavioural Sciences, XIX, 2381-2389. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/ejsbs.211Gonçalves, A.M., Cabral, L.R., Ferreira, M.C., Martins, M.C. & Duarte, J.C. (2017). Negative life events and resilience in higher education students. The European Journal of Social and Behavioural Sciences, XIX, 2381-2389. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/ejsbs.211Terry, M. L., Leary, M. R. & Mehta, S. (2013). Self-compassion as a buffer against homesickness, depression, and dissatisfaction in the transition to college. Self and Identity, 12(3), 278-290. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2012.667913Terry, M. L., Leary, M. R. & Mehta, S. (2013). Self-compassion as a buffer against homesickness, depression, and dissatisfaction in the transition to college. Self and Identity, 12(3), 278-290. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2012.667913Srivastava, S. & Tamir, M. (2009). The social costs of emotional suppression: A prospective study of the transition to college. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(4), 883–897. DOI: 10.1037/a0014755Srivastava, S. & Tamir, M. (2009). The social costs of emotional suppression: A prospective study of the transition to college. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(4), 883–897. DOI: 10.1037/a0014755Liou, D.D. & Rojas, L. (2018). The significance of the racial contract in teachers’ college expectancies for students of color. Race Ethnicity and Education, 23(5), 712-731. DOI: 10.1080/13613324.2018.1511529Liou, D.D. & Rojas, L. (2018). The significance of the racial contract in teachers’ college expectancies for students of color. Race Ethnicity and Education, 23(5), 712-731. DOI: 10.1080/13613324.2018.1511529Duncheon, J. C. & Muñoz, J. (2019). Examining teacher perspectives on college readiness in an early college high school context. American Journal of Education, 125(3), 453-478. https://doi.org/10.1086/702731Duncheon, J. C. & Muñoz, J. (2019). Examining teacher perspectives on college readiness in an early college high school context. American Journal of Education, 125(3), 453-478. https://doi.org/10.1086/702731Terpstra-Tong, J.L.Y. & Ahmad, A. (2018). High school-university disconnect: A complex issue in Malaysia, International Journal of Educational Management, 32 ( 5), 851-865. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-10-2016-0214Terpstra-Tong, J.L.Y. & Ahmad, A. (2018). High school-university disconnect: A complex issue in Malaysia, International Journal of Educational Management, 32 ( 5), 851-865. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-10-2016-0214Winne, P.H. (2013) Learning Strategies, Study Skills, and Self-Regulated Learning in Postsecondary Education. In: Paulsen M. (eds), Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research (vol. 28). Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5836-0_8Winne, P.H. (2013) Learning Strategies, Study Skills, and Self-Regulated Learning in Postsecondary Education. In: Paulsen M. (eds), Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research (vol. 28). Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5836-0_8Amoroso, L. M., & Burke, M. (2018). Developing career-ready business students: Three curriculum models. Journal of Education for Business, 93(8), 420-429. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2018.1494533Amoroso, L. M., & Burke, M. (2018). Developing career-ready business students: Three curriculum models. Journal of Education for Business, 93(8), 420-429. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2018.1494533Kim, J., DesJardins, J.J., & McCall, J.J. (2015). Completing Algebra II in: Does It increase college access and success? The Journal of Higher Education, 86(4), 628 - 662.Kim, J., DesJardins, J.J., & McCall, J.J. (2015). Completing Algebra II in: Does It increase college access and success? The Journal of Higher Education, 86(4), 628 - 662.Lakes, R. D., & Donovan, M. K. (2017). The international baccalaureate career programme: A case study of college and career readiness policy goals. Journal of Education Policy, 33(1), 62-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680939.2017.1338360Lakes, R. D., & Donovan, M. K. (2017). The international baccalaureate career programme: A case study of college and career readiness policy goals. Journal of Education Policy, 33(1), 62-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680939.2017.1338360Phelps, L. & Chan, H. (2017). Optimizing technical education pathways: Does Dual-Credit course completion predict students’ college and labor market success? Journal of Career and Technical Education, 31(1), 61-84.Phelps, L. & Chan, H. (2017). Optimizing technical education pathways: Does Dual-Credit course completion predict students’ college and labor market success? Journal of Career and Technical Education, 31(1), 61-84.Lineham, R. (2013). Is the international baccalaureate diploma programme effective at delivering the international baccalaureate mission statement? Journal of Research in International Education, 12(3), 259-282. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475240913509765Lineham, R. (2013). Is the international baccalaureate diploma programme effective at delivering the international baccalaureate mission statement? Journal of Research in International Education, 12(3), 259-282. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475240913509765Adams, T.R., Williams, B.K. & Lewis, C.W. (2020). “That’s the point of going”: A qualitative inquiry into the experiences of black males at an Early College High School. Journal of Advanced Academics, 31(1) 14–34. DOI: 10.1177/1932202X19860210Adams, T.R., Williams, B.K. & Lewis, C.W. (2020). “That’s the point of going”: A qualitative inquiry into the experiences of black males at an Early College High School. Journal of Advanced Academics, 31(1) 14–34. DOI: 10.1177/1932202X19860210Park, T., Pearson, D. & Richardson, G.B. (2017). Curriculum integration: Helping career and technical education students truly develop college and career readiness. Peabody Journal of Education, 92(2), 192 - 208.Park, T., Pearson, D. & Richardson, G.B. (2017). Curriculum integration: Helping career and technical education students truly develop college and career readiness. Peabody Journal of Education, 92(2), 192 - 208.Bruce, M., Rees, S, & Wilson, J. (2016). Language issues facing non-traditional students: Some problems and solutions. In: Marshall C., Nolan S., Newton D. (eds), Widening Participation, Higher Education and Non-Traditional Students. London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94969-4_3Bruce, M., Rees, S, & Wilson, J. (2016). Language issues facing non-traditional students: Some problems and solutions. In: Marshall C., Nolan S., Newton D. (eds), Widening Participation, Higher Education and Non-Traditional Students. London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94969-4_3Dodd, M., Mathias, J. & Nolan S.J. (2016) Teaching mathematics to adults: Integrating new and old knowledge. In: Marshall C., Nolan S., Newton D. (eds), Widening Participation, Higher Education and Non-Traditional Students. London: Palgrave Macmillan https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94969-4_4Dodd, M., Mathias, J. & Nolan S.J. (2016) Teaching mathematics to adults: Integrating new and old knowledge. In: Marshall C., Nolan S., Newton D. (eds), Widening Participation, Higher Education and Non-Traditional Students. London: Palgrave Macmillan https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94969-4_4Gallagher-Brett, A., & Canning, J. (2011). Disciplinary disjunctures in the transition from secondary school to higher education study of modern foreign languages. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 10(2), 171 188. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474022210393911Gallagher-Brett, A., & Canning, J. (2011). Disciplinary disjunctures in the transition from secondary school to higher education study of modern foreign languages. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 10(2), 171 188. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474022210393911Perna, L. W. & Armijo, M. (2014). The persistence of unaligned K–12 and higher education systems. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 655(1), 16-35. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716214532776Perna, L. W. & Armijo, M. (2014). The persistence of unaligned K–12 and higher education systems. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 655(1), 16-35. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716214532776Plasman, J.S. & Gottfried, M.A. (2018). Applied STEM coursework, high school dropout rates, and students with learning disabilities. Educational Policy, 32(5), 664–696. DOI: 10.1177/0895904816673738Plasman, J.S. & Gottfried, M.A. (2018). Applied STEM coursework, high school dropout rates, and students with learning disabilities. Educational Policy, 32(5), 664–696. DOI: 10.1177/0895904816673738Mouton, M. & Archer, E. (2019). Legitimation code theory to facilitate transition from high school to first-year biology. Journal of Biological Education, 53(1), 2 - 20.Mouton, M. & Archer, E. (2019). Legitimation code theory to facilitate transition from high school to first-year biology. Journal of Biological Education, 53(1), 2 - 20.Thiry, H. (2019) Issues with High School Preparation and Transition to College. In: Seymour E., Hunter AB. (eds), Talking about Leaving Revisited. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25304-2_5Thiry, H. (2019) Issues with High School Preparation and Transition to College. In: Seymour E., Hunter AB. (eds), Talking about Leaving Revisited. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25304-2_5Dooley, K. (2004). Pedagogy in diverse secondary school classes: Legacies for higher education. Higher Education, 48, 231–252.Dooley, K. (2004). Pedagogy in diverse secondary school classes: Legacies for higher education. Higher Education, 48, 231–252.Graham, J. R., Shier, M. L., & Eisenstat, M. (2014). Misalignment between post-secondary education demand and labour market supply: Preliminary insight from young adults on the evolving school to work transition. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 14(2), 199-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-014-9267-1Graham, J. R., Shier, M. L., & Eisenstat, M. (2014). Misalignment between post-secondary education demand and labour market supply: Preliminary insight from young adults on the evolving school to work transition. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 14(2), 199-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-014-9267-1Arnauld, S.T. (2006). Arizona’s teacher education initiative: Aligning high school and college curricula. New Directions for Community Colleges, 135, 91-100. DOI: 10.1002/cc.251Arnauld, S.T. (2006). Arizona’s teacher education initiative: Aligning high school and college curricula. New Directions for Community Colleges, 135, 91-100. DOI: 10.1002/cc.251Wang, H. (2006). Globalization and curriculum studies: Tensions, challenges, and possibilities. JAAACS: Journals of American Association for Advancement of Curriculum Studies, 2(1-17). http://www.uwstout.edu/soe/jaaacs/vol2/wang.htmWang, H. (2006). Globalization and curriculum studies: Tensions, challenges, and possibilities. JAAACS: Journals of American Association for Advancement of Curriculum Studies, 2(1-17). http://www.uwstout.edu/soe/jaaacs/vol2/wang.htmErdogan, N. & Stuessy, C. L. (2015). Modeling successful STEM high schools in the United States: An ecology framework. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 3(1), 77-92Erdogan, N. & Stuessy, C. L. (2015). Modeling successful STEM high schools in the United States: An ecology framework. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 3(1), 77-92Reitsma, R., Marshall, B & Zarske, M. (2009). Aspects of ‘relevance’ in the alignment of curriculum with educational standards. Information Processing and Management, 46, 362–376.Reitsma, R., Marshall, B & Zarske, M. (2009). Aspects of ‘relevance’ in the alignment of curriculum with educational standards. Information Processing and Management, 46, 362–376.Bales, B.L. & Akdere, M. (2014). Navigating the storm: High school mathematics teachers, the common core, college readiness, and quality management tools. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 836 – 841.Bales, B.L. & Akdere, M. (2014). Navigating the storm: High school mathematics teachers, the common core, college readiness, and quality management tools. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 836 – 841.Shuptrine, C. (2013). Improving college and career readiness through challenge-based learning. Contemporary Issues In Education Research, 6(2), 181-188Shuptrine, C. (2013). Improving college and career readiness through challenge-based learning. Contemporary Issues In Education Research, 6(2), 181-188Mok, K. (2006). Education reform and education policy in East Asia. London: Taylor & Francis.Mok, K. (2006). Education reform and education policy in East Asia. London: Taylor & Francis.Rippner, J.A. (2015). The American Education Policy Landscape (1st edition). USA: Routledge.Rippner, J.A. (2015). The American Education Policy Landscape (1st edition). USA: Routledge.Dougherty, K. J. & Natow, R. S. (2019). Performance-based funding for higher education: How well does neoliberal theory capture neoliberal practice? Higher Education, 80(3), 457-478. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-019-00491-4Dougherty, K. J. & Natow, R. S. (2019). Performance-based funding for higher education: How well does neoliberal theory capture neoliberal practice? Higher Education, 80(3), 457-478. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-019-00491-4Rutherford, A. & Rabovsky, T. (2014). Evaluating impacts of performance funding policies on student outcomes in higher education. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 655(1), 185-208. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716214541048Rutherford, A. & Rabovsky, T. (2014). Evaluating impacts of performance funding policies on student outcomes in higher education. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 655(1), 185-208. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716214541048Lorson, K., & Mitchell, S. (2016). Advocacy, assessment and accountability: Using policy to impact practice in Ohio. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 87(3), 44-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2015.1131216Lorson, K., & Mitchell, S. (2016). Advocacy, assessment and accountability: Using policy to impact practice in Ohio. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 87(3), 44-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2015.1131216Steiner, D. (2007). K–16: Our dogmatic slumbers. Profession, 2007(1), 141-149. https://doi.org/10.1632/prof.2007.2007.1.141Steiner, D. (2007). K–16: Our dogmatic slumbers. Profession, 2007(1), 141-149. https://doi.org/10.1632/prof.2007.2007.1.141Burroughs, N., Gardner, J., Lee, Y., Guo, S., Touitou, I., Jansen, K., & Schmidt, W. (2019). A review of the literature on teacher effectiveness and student outcomes. IEA Research for Education, 6(7-17). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16151-4_2Burroughs, N., Gardner, J., Lee, Y., Guo, S., Touitou, I., Jansen, K., & Schmidt, W. (2019). A review of the literature on teacher effectiveness and student outcomes. IEA Research for Education, 6(7-17). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16151-4_2Jankowski, N. & Provezis, S. (2012). Neoliberal ideologies, governmentality and the academy: An examination of accountability through assessment and transparency. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 46(5), 475-487. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2012.721736Jankowski, N. & Provezis, S. (2012). Neoliberal ideologies, governmentality and the academy: An examination of accountability through assessment and transparency. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 46(5), 475-487. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2012.721736Keller, C. M., & Hammang, J. M. (2008). The voluntary system of accountability for accountability and institutional assessment. New Directions for Institutional Research, 2008(S1), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1002/ir.260Keller, C. M., & Hammang, J. M. (2008). The voluntary system of accountability for accountability and institutional assessment. New Directions for Institutional Research, 2008(S1), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1002/ir.260Klein, S. & Green, K.A. (2012). College for all: The American model for career and technical education. In: Barabasch, A., & Rauner, F. (eds), Work and Education in America. Technical and Vocational Education and Training: Issues, Concerns and Prospects (vol 15). Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2272-9_7Klein, S. & Green, K.A. (2012). College for all: The American model for career and technical education. In: Barabasch, A., & Rauner, F. (eds), Work and Education in America. Technical and Vocational Education and Training: Issues, Concerns and Prospects (vol 15). Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2272-9_7Kolluri, S. & Tierney, W. (2018). College for all in capitalist America: The post-secondary emphasis in the neoliberal age. Tertiary Education and Management, 24(3), 242-253. https://doi.org/10.1080/13583883.2018.1440417Kolluri, S. & Tierney, W. (2018). College for all in capitalist America: The post-secondary emphasis in the neoliberal age. Tertiary Education and Management, 24(3), 242-253. https://doi.org/10.1080/13583883.2018.1440417González Canché, M. S. (2019). Repurposing standardized testing for educational equity: Can geographical bias and adversity scores expand true college access? Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 6(2), 225-235. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732219861123González Canché, M. S. (2019). Repurposing standardized testing for educational equity: Can geographical bias and adversity scores expand true college access? Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 6(2), 225-235. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732219861123Comfort, K.B. & Timms, M. (2018). A twenty-first century skills lens on the common core state standards and the next generation science standards. In: Care, E., Griffin, P. & Wilson M. (eds), Assessment and Teaching of 21st Century Skills. Educational Assessment in an Information Age. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65368-6_8Comfort, K.B. & Timms, M. (2018). A twenty-first century skills lens on the common core state standards and the next generation science standards. In: Care, E., Griffin, P. & Wilson M. (eds), Assessment and Teaching of 21st Century Skills. Educational Assessment in an Information Age. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65368-6_8Kolluri, S. (2018). Student perspectives on the common core: The challenge of college readiness at urban high schools. Urban Education, 0(0), 1-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085918772630Kolluri, S. (2018). Student perspectives on the common core: The challenge of college readiness at urban high schools. Urban Education, 0(0), 1-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085918772630Selwyn, N. (2013). Education in a digital world: Global perspectives on technology and education (1st edition). New York: Routledge.Selwyn, N. (2013). Education in a digital world: Global perspectives on technology and education (1st edition). New York: Routledge.Gopinathan, S., Mardiana, A.B. (2013). Globalization, the State and Curriculum Reform. In: Deng Z., Gopinathan S., Lee CE. (eds), Globalization and the Singapore Curriculum. Education Innovation Series. Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4451-57-4_2Gopinathan, S., Mardiana, A.B. (2013). Globalization, the State and Curriculum Reform. In: Deng Z., Gopinathan S., Lee CE. (eds), Globalization and the Singapore Curriculum. Education Innovation Series. Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4451-57-4_2Wang, H. (2006). Globalization and curriculum studies: Tensions, challenges, and possibilities. JAAACS: Journals of American Association for Advancement of Curriculum Studies, 2(1-17). http://www.uwstout.edu/soe/jaaacs/vol2/wang.htmWang, H. (2006). Globalization and curriculum studies: Tensions, challenges, and possibilities. JAAACS: Journals of American Association for Advancement of Curriculum Studies, 2(1-17). http://www.uwstout.edu/soe/jaaacs/vol2/wang.htmFlores, S.M. & Oseguera, L. (2013). Public policy and higher education attainment in a twenty-first-century racial demography: Examining research from early childhood to the labor market. In: Paulsen M. (eds), Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research. Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5836-0_11Flores, S.M. & Oseguera, L. (2013). Public policy and higher education attainment in a twenty-first-century racial demography: Examining research from early childhood to the labor market. In: Paulsen M. (eds), Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research. Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5836-0_11Douglass, J.A. (2005). A comparative look at the challenges of access and equity: Changing patterns of policy making and authority in the UK and US higher education. Higher Education Policy, 18, 87–116Douglass, J.A. (2005). A comparative look at the challenges of access and equity: Changing patterns of policy making and authority in the UK and US higher education. Higher Education Policy, 18, 87–116St. John, E.P., Daun-Barnett, N. & Moronski- Chapman, K.M. (2018). Public Policy and Higher Education: Reframing Strategies for Preparation, Access, and College Success. USA: RoutledgeSt. John, E.P., Daun-Barnett, N. & Moronski- Chapman, K.M. (2018). Public Policy and Higher Education: Reframing Strategies for Preparation, Access, and College Success. USA: RoutledgeStrayhorn, T.L. (2018). Student Development Theory in Higher Education: A Social Psychological Approach. USA: RoutledgeStrayhorn, T.L. (2018). Student Development Theory in Higher Education: A Social Psychological Approach. USA: RoutledgeDeil-Amen, R. & Tevis, T.L.(2010). Circumscribed agency: The relevance of standardized college entrance exams for low SES high school students. The Review of Higher Education, 33(2),141-175. DOI: 10.1353/rhe.0.0125Deil-Amen, R. & Tevis, T.L.(2010). Circumscribed agency: The relevance of standardized college entrance exams for low SES high school students. The Review of Higher Education, 33(2),141-175. DOI: 10.1353/rhe.0.0125Zwick, R. (2012). The role of admissions test scores, socioeconomic status, and high school grades in predicting college achievement. Pensamiento Educativo. Revista de Investigación Educacional Latino Americana, 49 (2), 23–30.Zwick, R. (2012). The role of admissions test scores, socioeconomic status, and high school grades in predicting college achievement. Pensamiento Educativo. Revista de Investigación Educacional Latino Americana, 49 (2), 23–30.Santelices, M. V., Horn, C. & Catalán, X. (2017). Institution-level admissions initiatives in Chile: Enhancing equity in higher education? Studies in Higher Education, 44(4), 733-761. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2017.1398722Santelices, M. V., Horn, C. & Catalán, X. (2017). Institution-level admissions initiatives in Chile: Enhancing equity in higher education? Studies in Higher Education, 44(4), 733-761. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2017.1398722Kanu, Y. (2006). Getting them through the college pipeline: Critical elements of instruction influencing school success among native Canadian high school students. Journal of Advanced Academics, 18(1), 116-145. https://doi.org/10.4219/jaa-2006-348Kanu, Y. (2006). Getting them through the college pipeline: Critical elements of instruction influencing school success among native Canadian high school students. Journal of Advanced Academics, 18(1), 116-145. https://doi.org/10.4219/jaa-2006-348Sotomayor, M. (2011). A further note on the college admission game. International Journal of Game Theory, 41(1), 179-193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00182-011-0278-6Sotomayor, M. (2011). A further note on the college admission game. International Journal of Game Theory, 41(1), 179-193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00182-011-0278-6Kim, Y., Kim, Y. & Loury, G. C. (2014). Widening gap in college admission and improving equal opportunity in South Korea. Global Economic Review, 43(2), 110–130. DOI: 10.1080/1226508X.2014.920241Kim, Y., Kim, Y. & Loury, G. C. (2014). Widening gap in college admission and improving equal opportunity in South Korea. Global Economic Review, 43(2), 110–130. DOI: 10.1080/1226508X.2014.920241Marshall, C.A. (2016). Barriers to accessing higher education. In: Marshall C., Nolan S., Newton D. (eds), Widening Participation, Higher Education and Non-Traditional Students.London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94969-4_1Marshall, C.A. (2016). Barriers to accessing higher education. In: Marshall C., Nolan S., Newton D. (eds), Widening Participation, Higher Education and Non-Traditional Students.London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94969-4_1Kolluri, S. & Tierney, W.G. (2020). Understanding college readiness: The limitations of information and the possibilities of cultural integrity. The Educational Forum, 84(1), 80-93. DOI: 10.1080/00131725.2020.1672003Kolluri, S. & Tierney, W.G. (2020). Understanding college readiness: The limitations of information and the possibilities of cultural integrity. The Educational Forum, 84(1), 80-93. DOI: 10.1080/00131725.2020.1672003Al-Twijri & Noaman (2015). A new data mining model adopted for higher institutions. Procedia Computer Science, 65(2015), 836-844.Al-Twijri & Noaman (2015). A new data mining model adopted for higher institutions. Procedia Computer Science, 65(2015), 836-844.Martín-García, A.V., Martínez-Abad, F. & Reyes-González, D. (2019). TAM and stages of adoption of blended learning in higher education by application of data mining techniques. Br. J. Educ. Technol., 50(5), 2484-2500.Martín-García, A.V., Martínez-Abad, F. & Reyes-González, D. (2019). TAM and stages of adoption of blended learning in higher education by application of data mining techniques. Br. J. Educ. Technol., 50(5), 2484-2500.Morgan, Y., Sinatra, R. & Eschenauer, R. (2015). A comprehensive partnership approach increasing high school graduation rates and college enrollment of urban economically disadvantaged youth. Education and Urban Society, 47(5), 596–620. DOI: 10.1177/0013124514536437Morgan, Y., Sinatra, R. & Eschenauer, R. (2015). A comprehensive partnership approach increasing high school graduation rates and college enrollment of urban economically disadvantaged youth. Education and Urban Society, 47(5), 596–620. DOI: 10.1177/0013124514536437Breyer, Y.A., Marrone, M., Wood, L.N., Taylor, M. & Shaheen, H. (2017). Student engagement for student success: Pre-commencement strategies via KickStart. In: In: Wood L., Breyer Y. (eds), Success in Higher Education: Transitions to, within and from University (pp. 23-35). Singapore: SpringerBreyer, Y.A., Marrone, M., Wood, L.N., Taylor, M. & Shaheen, H. (2017). Student engagement for student success: Pre-commencement strategies via KickStart. In: In: Wood L., Breyer Y. (eds), Success in Higher Education: Transitions to, within and from University (pp. 23-35). Singapore: SpringerLane, T.B., Morgan, K. & Lopez, M.M. (2020). A bridge between high school and college: A case study of a STEM Intervention Program enhancing college readiness among underserved students. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 22(1), 155–179. DOI: 10.1177/1521025117729824Lane, T.B., Morgan, K. & Lopez, M.M. (2020). A bridge between high school and college: A case study of a STEM Intervention Program enhancing college readiness among underserved students. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 22(1), 155–179. DOI: 10.1177/1521025117729824Singh, S. & Tregale, R. (2014). Outreach Mentors with High School Mentees: Co-creating Engagement, Belonging and Loyalty in Higher Education, Nuts and Bolts PaperSingh, S. & Tregale, R. (2014). Outreach Mentors with High School Mentees: Co-creating Engagement, Belonging and Loyalty in Higher Education, Nuts and Bolts PaperSpoth, R., Trudeau, L., Redmond, C. & Shin, C., Feinberg, M.E. & Greenberg, M.T. (2019). Brief report on PROSPER academic outcomes: Extended model of crossover effects on young adult college success. Child Development, 90(6), 1847–1855.Spoth, R., Trudeau, L., Redmond, C. & Shin, C., Feinberg, M.E. & Greenberg, M.T. (2019). Brief report on PROSPER academic outcomes: Extended model of crossover effects on young adult college success. Child Development, 90(6), 1847–1855.Adamuti-Trache, M., Zhang, Y. & Barker, S.L. (2020). Texas perspectives on college and career readiness: An examination of CTE-supported endorsements in public high schools. Career and Technical Education Research, 45(2), 59-78.Adamuti-Trache, M., Zhang, Y. & Barker, S.L. (2020). Texas perspectives on college and career readiness: An examination of CTE-supported endorsements in public high schools. Career and Technical Education Research, 45(2), 59-78.Raines, T. & Talapatra, D. (2019). College and career readiness consultation for high-risk youth: An Introduction. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 29(3), 255 - 259.Raines, T. & Talapatra, D. (2019). College and career readiness consultation for high-risk youth: An Introduction. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 29(3), 255 - 259.Williams, R. (2016). The role of school counselors in the career and college readiness of foster care youth: An ecological systems theory approach. Journal of Counselor Leadership and Advocacy, 3(2), 135 - 146.Williams, R. (2016). The role of school counselors in the career and college readiness of foster care youth: An ecological systems theory approach. Journal of Counselor Leadership and Advocacy, 3(2), 135 - 146.Hines, E.M., Hines, M.R., Moore, J., Steen, S., Singleton, P., Cintron, D.W., Golden, M.N., Traverso, K., Wathen, B. & Henderson, J. (2020). Preparing African American males for college: A group counseling approach. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 45(2), 129 - 145.Hines, E.M., Hines, M.R., Moore, J., Steen, S., Singleton, P., Cintron, D.W., Golden, M.N., Traverso, K., Wathen, B. & Henderson, J. (2020). Preparing African American males for college: A group counseling approach. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 45(2), 129 - 145.Kolbe, T., Kinsley, P., Feldman, R. & Goldrick-Rab, S. (2018). From the (academic) middle to the top: An evaluation of the AVID/TOPS college access program. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 23(4), 304 - 335.Kolbe, T., Kinsley, P., Feldman, R. & Goldrick-Rab, S. (2018). From the (academic) middle to the top: An evaluation of the AVID/TOPS college access program. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 23(4), 304 - 335.Knotek, S., Fleming, P., Thompson, L.W., Rouch, E.F., Senior, M. & Martinez, R. (2019). An implementation coaching framework to support a career and university readiness program for underserved first-year college students. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 29(3), 337 - 367.Knotek, S., Fleming, P., Thompson, L.W., Rouch, E.F., Senior, M. & Martinez, R. (2019). An implementation coaching framework to support a career and university readiness program for underserved first-year college students. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 29(3), 337 - 367.Maheady, L. & Magiera, K. & Simmons, R. (2016). Building and sustaining school-university partnerships in rural settings: One approach for improving special education service delivery. Rural Special Education Quarterly, 35(2), 33-40.Maheady, L. & Magiera, K. & Simmons, R. (2016). Building and sustaining school-university partnerships in rural settings: One approach for improving special education service delivery. Rural Special Education Quarterly, 35(2), 33-40.Hartman, J.J. (2018). Urban school district–university research collaboration: Challenges and strategies for success. Education and Urban Society, 50(7), 617–640. DOI: 10.1177/0013124517713611Hartman, J.J. (2018). Urban school district–university research collaboration: Challenges and strategies for success. Education and Urban Society, 50(7), 617–640. DOI: 10.1177/0013124517713611Deslandes, R. (2009). International Perspectives on Contexts, Communities, and Evaluated Innovative Practices: Family–School–Community Partnerships. New York: Routledge.Deslandes, R. (2009). International Perspectives on Contexts, Communities, and Evaluated Innovative Practices: Family–School–Community Partnerships. New York: Routledge.St. John, E.P. & Girmay F. (2019) High School and College Preparation. In: Detroit School Reform in Comparative Contexts. Neighborhoods, Communities, and Urban Marginality. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19011-8_7St. John, E.P. & Girmay F. (2019) High School and College Preparation. In: Detroit School Reform in Comparative Contexts. Neighborhoods, Communities, and Urban Marginality. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19011-8_7Burhanna, K.J. & Jensen, M.L. (2006). Collaborations for success: High school to college transitions. Reference Services Review, 34(4), 509-519. DOI 10.1108/00907320610716413Burhanna, K.J. & Jensen, M.L. (2006). Collaborations for success: High school to college transitions. Reference Services Review, 34(4), 509-519. DOI 10.1108/00907320610716413Groves, C. (2019). The power of partnerships. Reference Services Review, 47(2), 193-202.Groves, C. (2019). The power of partnerships. Reference Services Review, 47(2), 193-202.Pickard , L., Brunton, J.A., McKenna, J. & Utley, A. (2020). Aiding transition to university through an outdoor orientation program: Accelerated friendships. The Journal of College Orientation, Transition, and Retention, 27(1), 1-29.Pickard , L., Brunton, J.A., McKenna, J. & Utley, A. (2020). Aiding transition to university through an outdoor orientation program: Accelerated friendships. The Journal of College Orientation, Transition, and Retention, 27(1), 1-29.Frischmann, J. A. & Moor, K. S. (2017). Bridging the gap – supporting the transition from high school to college. Administrative Issues Journal, 7(2), 1-10. DOI: 10.5929/2017.7.2.3Frischmann, J. A. & Moor, K. S. (2017). Bridging the gap – supporting the transition from high school to college. Administrative Issues Journal, 7(2), 1-10. DOI: 10.5929/2017.7.2.3Kallison Jr, J.M. & Stader, D.L. (2012). Effectiveness of Summer Bridge Programs in enhancing college readiness. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 36(5), 340-357. DOI: 10.1080/10668920802708595Kallison Jr, J.M. & Stader, D.L. (2012). Effectiveness of Summer Bridge Programs in enhancing college readiness. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 36(5), 340-357. DOI: 10.1080/10668920802708595Bettencourt, G.M., George mwangi, C.A., Green, K.L. & Morales, D.M. (2020). High school–university collaborations for Latinx student success: Navigating the political reality. Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement, 24(1), 17,17-33.Bettencourt, G.M., George mwangi, C.A., Green, K.L. & Morales, D.M. (2020). High school–university collaborations for Latinx student success: Navigating the political reality. Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement, 24(1), 17,17-33.Etshim, R. (2017). Collaboration between higher education and labor market in kinshasa, DR Congo. Journal of International Education and Leadership, 7(1), 1-17. http://www.jielusa.org/Etshim, R. (2017). Collaboration between higher education and labor market in kinshasa, DR Congo. Journal of International Education and Leadership, 7(1), 1-17. http://www.jielusa.org/Swanson, L.H. & Coddington, L.R. (2016). Creating partnerships between teachers & undergraduates interested in secondary math & science education. Teaching and Teacher Education, 59 (2016), 285-294.Swanson, L.H. & Coddington, L.R. (2016). Creating partnerships between teachers & undergraduates interested in secondary math & science education. Teaching and Teacher Education, 59 (2016), 285-294.Knotek, S., Fleming, P., Thompson, L.W., Rouch, E.F., Senior, M. & Martinez, R. (2019). An implementation coaching framework to support a career and university readiness program for underserved first-year college students. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 29(3), 337 - 367.Knotek, S., Fleming, P., Thompson, L.W., Rouch, E.F., Senior, M. & Martinez, R. (2019). An implementation coaching framework to support a career and university readiness program for underserved first-year college students. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 29(3), 337 - 367.Bailey, T. (2009). Challenge and opportunity: Rethinking the role and function of developmental education in community college. New Directions for Community Colleges, 148, 11-30.Bailey, T. (2009). Challenge and opportunity: Rethinking the role and function of developmental education in community college. New Directions for Community Colleges, 148, 11-30.Tirussew, T., Amare, A., Jeilu, O. Tassew, W., Aklilu, D. & Berhannu, A. (2018). Ethiopian education development roadmap (2018-30): An integrated executive summary: Draft for discussion. Retrieved from https://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/en/2018/ethiopian-education-development-roadmap-2018-30Tirussew, T., Amare, A., Jeilu, O. Tassew, W., Aklilu, D. & Berhannu, A. (2018). Ethiopian education development roadmap (2018-30): An integrated executive summary: Draft for discussion. Retrieved from https://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/en/2018/ethiopian-education-development-roadmap-2018-30Joshi, R.D. & Verspoor, A. (2013). Secondary Education in Ethiopia: Supporting Growth and Transformation. Washington, DC: World Bank.Joshi, R.D. & Verspoor, A. (2013). Secondary Education in Ethiopia: Supporting Growth and Transformation. Washington, DC: World Bank.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.