The Use of Artificial Intelligence Systems in Education: Technological Trends and Ethical Aspects

The purpose of this study is to examine the theoretical and practical aspects of using artificial intelligence systems in the educational process, including current trends and ethical issues, such as the ethics of using ChatGPT for automatically generating texts in academic papers.
The study’s materials and methods include analysis of bibliographic sources, collection, systematization, and structuring of information, structural modeling of the subsystems of an e-course based on artificial intelligence technologies. A questionnaire survey of bachelor’s degree students in business informatics was conducted on the use of ChatGPT (or its equivalents) in the educational process.
Results. The article highlights the following key areas of artificial intelligence application in higher education: intelligent support for the organization of the educational process; personalized e-learning courses with a neural network mechanism for selecting a flexible, individual educational trajectory; methodological and scientific support for an education system based on artificial intelligence technologies; technical support for the educational process and its information security; strategic management of a university, including the use of intelligent systems for monitoring, analyzing, and planning the educational process. A possible structure for an e-course based on artificial intelligence subsystems is presented.
A number of challenges associated with the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in education are highlighted: technical issues, software problems, personnel issues, organizational and managerial issues, and ethical concerns.
A questionnaire survey of bachelors of the business informatics direction was conducted on the use of ChatGPT in the educational process. The survey revealed that 96% of respondents use these chats in some form or another when performing educational tasks, and 88% of them do it systematically. Conclusion. The main technological trends in the application of artificial intelligence in education include the use of machine and computer vision systems, neural network models (including generative pretrained transformer models), and data mining systems. The potential of artificial intelligence systems will make it possible in the future to solve a number of other problems, such as the neural network construction of flexible, personalized student learning paths, and the optimization of structural units of the university.
The use of artificial intelligence imposes certain ethical constraints on the educational process. This primarily concerns students’ use of AI-generated results as their own academic achievements. It can be concluded that generative artificial intelligence is a tool that requires careful and measured use to replace creative human intellectual activity.
The implementation of innovative technologies such as machine learning, computer vision, big data analytics, robotics, virtual and augmented reality, the internet of things, and others contributes to the optimization of university educational and management processes and the improvement of the quality of education. These trends form the foundation for shaping the image of a modern, competitive higher education institution capable of adapting to new challenges and realizing the full potential of digital transformation.

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