Modern graduates need to work with electronic devices. On laboratory work, students conduct experiments to solve practical problems of researching real problems that arise in the design and operation of electronic devices. However, the shortage of laboratory equipment and assistants for maintenance and assistance in work, its high cost reduce the quality of laboratory work. On the other hand, modern education is increasingly using a network resource. Virtual laboratories have their advantages, but even when carrying out a physical experiment in them, the sense of the reality of what is happening disappears. Effective solutions to the effectiveness and quality of conducting laboratory exercises can be found using a system of virtual instruments that can be accessed via the Internet or directly at the university.

The aim of the research is to show, by the example of one experimental device made on the National Instruments ELVIS platform, the advantages of a combined approach to learning – a successful combination of a virtual resource and a real physical experiment. The laboratory model described in the article is very practical for studying radio-engineering devices, and it can ideologically serve as a basis for other similar developments.

The research was based on the prototype board for studying the basics of analog electronics for the NI ELVIS workstation, the cycle of laboratory work on the general technical discipline “Electronics”, the results of their protection, and the results of intermediate student controls. In work the following methods are used: laboratory experiment, modeling, pedagogical testing. The results of the research show that students feel the need for more knowledge about real processes and systems. This need is most evident in the direction of the preparation of bachelors of engineering and technology. They expect from a laboratory work a real physical experiment, but with the convenience of computer-processing results. A new paradigm for studying radio electronic devices, based on physical experiments in a virtual instrument system gives an improvement in the quality of instruction and allows students to study the circuitry of analog devices more effectively. The ideology of virtual instruments leads to more motivation for students; they gain skills to work with modern measuring equipment and at the same time communication skills in a group, as the computer resource is used as a research tool, not the purpose of learning.

A physical experiment, using virtual measuring instruments, accessibility and mobility of laboratory facilities, additional motivation of students are the main advantages of using the NI ELVIS hardware and software platform with a specialized breadboard model in the educational process.

The objective of the study is to analyze the models that describe the processes, running in the education. The article concludes that currently there are important changes and new trends in the sphere of higher education in Russia: the development of higher education is carried out in the conditions of the effective use of modern information technologies. The author emphasized the analysis of the use of distance learning technologies in the higher education system, which is especially important for our country because of the vast territory, the remoteness of many regions from the centers of educational services, due to the growing high cost of these services.

The development of Internet technologies, multimedia in conjunction with the growing popularity, the Internet makes it possible to promote education to a new level. That is why today the demand for distance learning in Russia is equal, and in some universities has exceeded the demand for full-time education. In the near future distance learning will take on the main burden in the system of professional training and retraining of specialists due to its mobility, mass, availability and relative cheapness.

Also in this article the basic quantitative regularities of the market of higher education of the Yaroslavl region in relation to the economy are determined. In the article, econometric modeling is chosen as a tool for management in the field of vocational education. This is due to the fact that it is able to identify trends and patterns of changes in the indicators of education development in the region, to determine the consequences of a development strategy that contributes to the understanding of the processes taking place in the higher education system. Econometric models, used for forecasting in the education system are analyzed; their advantages and disadvantages are revealed. Some of them are disclosed in the paper on the example of modeling the system of higher education in the Yaroslavl region.

As the result of analyzing the statistical data of the regional office of Federal State Statistics Service in Yaroslavl region the following models were developed: a model that shows how the application of distance technologies in higher education is related to socio-economic indicators; the regression model of correlation between the system of higher education and the economy (GRP); the model of forecasting the number of students in different educational categories; the econometrical model of connectivity between the education expenditures and economic factors. The paper evaluates the impact of educational and demographic indicators on the education level index of the Yaroslavl region. The econometrical models, constructed in the research, represent the informational basis for modernization of regional higher education system and elaboration of social-economic strategies of the regional development. The proposed statistical tools of evaluation and forecasting education system development can be used for decision-making and planning on the regional level.

The main emphasis on the training of foreign citizens in the city of Penza is done at higher educational institutions: Penza State University of Architecture and Construction, Penza State University (PSU), Penza State Technological University (PSTU), and others. The universities are well developed in training specialists with higher education in different areas, not only production, but also scientific activities. Graduates mostly return to their homeland to apply their knowledge and skills in various branches of the national economy. At the same time, many businessmen involve foreign citizens in their work, and the desire to work with foreigners increases every year. The big problem is that all of them either do not have a profession, or they need retraining or advanced training, which leads to problems with employment and education, both on budget terms and when receiving paid educational services.

In our opinion, the practice of teaching foreign citizens on the Penza land should concern not only universities, but also institutions of secondary vocational education. There is a category of foreign citizens who had little chance of graduating from high school and successfully enrolled in a Russian university for a budgetary department, would prefer to receive a qualified working profession or specialty in the institutions of secondary vocational education, which would solve a number of problems related to adaptation to another culture and mentality, and will also be the first step towards higher education.

Studies have shown that most foreigners do not have any education certificates and are not qualified specialists in the industries where they work. Migrants from the countries of the East: China, Turkey, Syria, Iran, etc. in most cases have a basic general education, or another option: their diplomas do not correspond to the profession by which many foreigners work in Russia. As a result: in most cases, many people are lacking knowledge for the career growth, the creation of a small business, the development of which will attract capital to various projects and increase the investment potential of the Penza region [4]. The combination of these causal relationships led to the need to create on the basis of colleges a system of secondary vocational education for the training of foreign citizens, possibly in the form of structural divisions and groups. The organization of training, in our opinion and the experience of educational and methodological activities, can represent a parallel process for vocational training programs, supplementary education programs, which, having successfully completed a full course of training in the dual system, obtain the necessary knowledge for practical work, including not only standard methods of production, but also the latest developments in the field of science and technology. When developing these programs, foreign citizens will be able not only to adapt quickly to the conditions of work in various sectors of the economy, but also to study competently and qualitatively the quality management system (QMS).

The purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is the development and experimental approbation of the complex of organizational and pedagogical conditions for the development of the teacher’s ICT competence in the system of professional development in terms of solving professional problems in working with modern schoolchildren. The authors suggest that the improvement of the quality of additional professional programs can be ensured by the implementation of the teacher-centered e-learning model, which is built taking into account the diagnostic results and the andragogical principles of instruction.

Materials and methods. The research is based on the data of normative documents in the field of professional requirements for the teacher, the materials of foreign and domestic scientists in the study of the distinctive characteristics of representatives of the generation - Z and the adequate ways of their education and upbringing, in the formation and development of the professional ICT competence of the teacher, the field of adult learning and andragogy.

Results. Based on the identified deficiencies of teachers in the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the field of achieving the required level of ICT competence and the need to take measures for its equalization, a model and environment for the implementation of teacher-centered e-learning aimed at developing and aligning the teacher’s ICT competence, taking into account andragogic features, was designed. The developed model is implemented through a distance course in the Moodle system on the basis of the Regional State Autonomous Additional Professional Education Institution “Krasnoyarsk Regional Institute for Advanced Training and Professional Retraining of Educators”.

The purpose of the study is to develop an approach to improve information support for the development of the contents of higher education programs and teaching methodological materials. The system of higher education faces the challenges of supporting the development of the digital economy through training and research. Creating the appropriate content of education becomes a difficult task with the high rate of development of digital technologies and methods to use them. Now, in smart learning, the technical aspects of the organization of the educational process often overshadow aspects, related to the methodology or content of smart learning. However, the issues of the content of education become most relevant. Research in the field of knowledge management remain relevant because, the more perfect the technologies become, that notice the algorithmized work of specialists, the higher the value of creativity for society and the economy.

Materials and methods of research include discourse analysis of domestic and foreign scientific sources devoted to the issues of smart education and knowledge management, the systematization of the material. Methodological basis for developing an approach to improve information support is the methods and technologies of the theory of knowledge management.

The results of the research show that the need for the development of the digital economy places high demands not only for technologies, but also primarily on the competencies for their use. The logic of IT development in education indicates that there is a gradual change in the stages of informatization: from distance education technologies to e-learning and then to smart learning. Each stage of the informatization of education allows solving the problems that are important for the economy and society. There are the factors, influencing the formation of requirements for the content of educational programs: technological, economic, social and geopolitical. The following requirements of smart training for the content of educational programs are revealed: actual information and tasks in the training course; opportunities for independent cognitive, research and project activities of students; distributed information system of smart learning; integration of the educational environment with professional communities; individualization of the content of training.

The conclusion. Technologies and methods of knowledge management can provide the necessary level of speed and quality of development of educational materials. The article describes the knowledge management system, which through the knowledge base, communities and co-creation tools, ensures the relevance of the developed content and fills the smart learning with the necessary content.

Purpose of the study. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current state and prospects for introducing the principles of open access to scientific publications and scientific data in the sphere of science and education in Belarus. Its relevance is related to the need to develop measures to accelerate the process of digital transformation of science and education of the Republic of Belarus.

Materials and methods. Information base of the research was made by publications of scientists and specialists on the issues under study, normative documents, final documents of conferences on this topic, data from the Open Data in Belarus portal, national and international aggregators of institutional repositories, open scientific data repositories.

Results. The analysis of the state and prospects of introducing the principles of open access to scientific publications and scientific data into the sphere of science and education of Belarus was carried out during the research. It is shown that the digital transformation of science and education is at an early stage. The dissemination of the principles of open science and the introduction of new instruments of scientific communication in the Belarusian academic and university science are uneven, there is a need to develop a strategy in this direction. The principle of open access to publications is being most actively introduced into practice through the development of a network of university repositories. In Belarus, the open data infrastructure is at the very beginning of its formation. In this regard, there is a need to conduct additional research to identify problems associated with the discovery of scientific data. One step in the transition to open science is the unification of all the repositories on a single platform of the national aggregator. The review of national and international aggregators of institutional repositories is presented. The questions on creation of the national system-aggregator of information resources of open access in the Republic of Belarus in the context of the formation of the Republican information and educational environment are considered: the purpose of the system, the platform used, technical solutions for organizing the integration of information systems of higher education institutions and the rules of interaction of system users.

Conclusions. The creation of a national system-aggregator will not only provide a single point of access to the institutional repositories of project participants, which will significantly improve the convenience and completeness of the search, but will also solve one of the most important tasks of the project - popularizing the idea of open access to scientific publications. The implementation of the proposed measures to create conditions for the discovery of scientific data in Belarus will contribute to the introduction of the principle of open access to scientific data. The considered approaches will allow accelerating the process of digital transformation of the scientific and educational sphere of Belarus.

Innovations were the source of development of all spheres of life activities at all times. At present, the management of any organization is greatly influenced by the active development of innovative technologies of the third and fourth industrial revolutions. At the same time, innovative technologies can have both positive and negative effects. Therefore, when managing innovation activities of an enterprise, the requirements for thoroughness of their analysis are increased. It is necessary to make decisions about the expediency of choosing innovations for a particular enterprise (organization), taking into account the utility and consequences of implementation, to choose models that allow to take into account the specifics of a particular situation, the nature of innovations, their correspondence to the profile, resource and scientific and technical potential of the enterprise, market requirements, stages of the life cycle of the production technology, industries of the enterprise.

The paper aims to substantiation of the models for management of innovative activity of the industrial enterprise.

To realize the goal, a short analysis of modern technological innovations is carried out, recommended in the works of J. Rifkin [19, 20], K. Schwab [24] and the “Strategy of the Information Society Development in the Russian Federation for 2017–2030”. Based on this analysis, innovations are selected that can be used to develop a particular enterprise, and then models are proposed for more thorough evaluation and selection of innovations.

The article briefly analyzes the technological innovations of the third and fourth industrial revolutions and suggests models for comparative analysis and selection of innovations.

When developing models of analysis and selecting innovative technologies for specific enterprises and organizations, it is proposed to use methods of system analysis that are combined on the basis of an approach based on a step-by-step limitation of the domain of acceptable solutions and a gradual formalization of the model for selecting innovations.

The analysis of innovative technologies and the proposed models are useful for the educational process of the university. The research was carried out on the example of the shipbuilding enterprise of Joint-Stock Company “Admiralteyskie Verfi”.

In article the reasons and need of transition to digital economy, the main characteristic features of digital economy are considered, the classification scheme for definition of the purposes and risks at introduction of digital economy is provided, the conceptual model of subject domain “decision-making (goal-setting) in the conditions of uncertainty” which tools are offered to be used for the analysis of goal-setting at design of digital economy is given.

Objective of this research is:

1. Justification of need of transition to digital economy.

2. Judgment of the main characteristic features of digital economy.

3. Identification and the analysis of the purposes which should be realized upon transition to digital economy and also the forecast and a research of the arising risks.

4. The logical analysis of the concepts making a goal-setting basis at creation of digital economy.

As materials of a research various publications about transition to digital economy, legal documents the connected with digital economy, methodological materials by the principles of goal-setting and decision-making during creation of difficult systems are used.

As methods of a research the system analysis of the materials stated above and synthesis on this basis of representations of authors on target questions of a research was used.

Statement of representations of authors on the following questions is result of a research:

– about the reasons and need of transition to digital economy,

– main characteristic features of digital economy,

– the classification scheme for definition of the purposes and risks at introduction of digital economy,

– conceptual model of subject domain “decision-making (goal-setting) in the conditions of uncertainty”,

– which tools are offered to be used for the analysis of goal-setting at design of digital economy.

In conclusion it is possible to note the following.

In work from the point of view of determinism of an economic subsystem the characteristics of digital economy which are conceptually distinguishing her from the previous development stages are considered.

Advantages of introduction of information technologies to all spheres of life of society and also possible negative consequences of such introduction are described. The classification scheme of the possible purposes and risks accompanying creation of digital economy is developed.

It is emphasized that decisions at creation of digital economy are made in extremely uncertain situation in this connection, the conceptual model of decision-making process including is presented:

1. Semantic representation of decision-making process,

2. Types of the analysis which have to accompany formation of lists of specifications of concepts of semantic network,

3. Methods which have to be used at implementation of procedures of the analysis.

The main conclusion which can be made of this work consists in the following. Certainly, not to stop development and introduction of information technologies in our life as it was impossible to stop technical progress during the previous eras of existence of a human civilization. It is unconditional, clear that to regulate and operate technological processes of such scale – a problem of big complexity.

Certainly, risks to receive the apocalyptic scenario within all planet are big: IT technologies are more dangerous (at least, today), than any other. Therefore at decision-making, connected with transition to digital economy the special wisdom, special responsibility, the weighed, multiple-factor approach of the persons making decisions and expert community has to be shown.