On November 30, 2023 in the framework of the XXVIth Russian Scientific Conference “Enterprise engineering and knowledge management” at the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics a remote round table was held on the problems of digital transformation projects of enterprises of various types, organized by the National Association of Enterprise Architects and the program committee of the conference. This round table was distinguished by the selection of authoritative invited expert practitioners and the open participation of other experts. Due to this, a wide range of problem situations existing in this area was considered, and a set of current assessments and practically important recommendations aimed at the effective development of enterprises in today's conditions was obtained. A comprehensive way of considering round table issues made it possible to create an integrated document containing a set of assessments and recommendations that will be useful both in the implementation of development programs at enterprises, and in the formation and realization of educational programs for most areas of specialist training related to the development of enterprises and their IT systems. The editors place this document below.

Editorial Board of the journal “Open Education”

The purpose of research. The purpose of the study is to develop and test an approach to training digital content compilers in creating alternative text that accurately describes the original image, using a neural network to generate reference images reconstructed from the text. The lack of textual descriptions of visual content in a web resource limits digital accessibility, especially for users with visual disorders. To ensure accessibility, each informative image should be accompanied by the alternative text. Text alternatives generated by means of automated tools are known to be lower in quality to human-generated descriptions. Therefore, a digital content compiler must be able to develop the alternative text for images. It has been suggested that a neural network for generating images from text descriptions can act as a tool for checking the relevance of the developed text alternatives.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out in April-May 2023. 17 undergraduate students studied the requirements for developing text alternatives, completed initial text descriptions for three proposed photographs, and then corrected the text using the Kandinsky 2.1 neural network according to the algorithm: generating an image from the description; visual comparison of the resulting image with the original; returning to editing the description or ending the process. Based on the initial and final descriptions, the researchers reconstructed the images using the same neural network. Further work consisted of assessing the quality of all text descriptions and the similarity of all generated images to the original ones. The results of the study (text descriptions; expert evaluations; links to generated images) were published as a data set in the Mendeley Data repository. The t-test, Pearson correlation and multivariate regression were used to analyze the data (at the specified significance level p = 0,05).

Results. It was found that the quality scores of the initial and final text descriptions were not significantly different (p > 0,05), and also there were no significant differences for the length of the text (p > 0,05). At the same time, the similarity of the generated images and original photographs after students used the neural network has increased considerably (p < 0,05). Therefore, training in the neural network contributed to improving the quality (similarity to the original) of images generated from modified text descriptions, without losing the descriptions’ quality. It was also shown that the quality of the final text alternatives was higher the larger their size within the allotted limit, the better and shorter the initial descriptions (p < 0,05). Thus, concise and accurate alternative descriptions for images after training students in a neural network can be converted into equally high-quality text alternatives, the relevance of which is increased by adding plot details to the description.

Conclusion. Neural networks generating images can be applied as a software tool to encourage potential content authors to create more accurate and complete alternative text while keeping it concise. It seems important to continue the research by extending it to other types of images and using a variety of neural networks.

They have been talking about the search for a new form of theater for a long time, but in addition to the online broadcast of the stage play or the actor’s performance via videoconference with the reading of the literary text, no ideas are offered. Moreover, here pedagogy can contribute to the search for a new form. The theater has always been used in pedagogy as a method, and the regularities of the organization of distance learning will help to transfer it to the format of virtuality. The question arises - how exactly to do this so that not only theater is available for full-time students at school (college, university), but also for distance learning? In general, for those categories of citizens who cannot attend the theater, but would like to attend performances or engage in theatrical art remotely? The purpose of this study was the desire to put into practice the theoretical assumption of transferring theatrical action to virtuality. If you just turn on the online broadcast of the performance or show it in the recording, then the theater automatically turns into a movie, and not into a very high-quality one, since the camera does not keep up with all the movements of the actors, and the microphone captures unnecessary sounds from the audience. There is a way to organize a new theater format - through avatar management and voice acting of heroes in 3D space. If we understand the possibilities of the virtual environment in terms of the transmission of emotions, experiences, plots, then it is logical to assume that virtual theater is a role-playing game format, one of the methods of pedagogy. Once in a new environment (in this case, in a virtual environment), a person changes his behavior, begins to feel and react differently. Today there are already several studies on teaching children and adults in virtual reality. This article describes the experience of organizing a virtual theater with all its inherent attributes: selection of a script, preparation of actors, creation of scenery, costumes, rehearsals, preparation of posters, invitation of spectators and performance online. The virtual performance was held in the 3D world “Virtual Academy”. Students of 5-7 grades acted as actors, teachers of a school, college and university acted as organizers. The work also included parents of artists who quickly solve technical problems with home computers, which made it possible to prepare the performance in a short time (about 1,5 months). All participants in the performance were interested in the process, worked very responsibly, were satisfied with the result and expressed the desire to continue such productions. The description of the methodology for organizing a virtual theater will allow in the future using this method to work with both schoolchildren in distance learning conditions and with students of theater universities to study the specifics of theatrical art in virtuality.

The purpose of this study is to consider the theory and practice of integrating the digital space of a university through the introduction of personal accounts of students, lecturers and applicants, including a description of possible subsystems and services for these accounts.

Materials and methods. This study used the following materials and methods: analysis of bibliographic sources on the problems of digital transformation of the higher education system, as well as methods of collecting, systematizing, structuring and analyzing data about subsystems and services of personal accounts of students, lecturers and applicants of the university.

Results. The results of the paper include the project of subsystems and services for personal accounts of students, lecturers and university applicants. The project of a university student’s personal account includes the following subsystems: educational process, practice and employment, feedback, interaction with accounting, electronic document management (ordering assignments and certificates), integration with information systems. The personal account of a university lecturer contains subsystems: educational process, research work, interaction with the personnel department, interaction with accounting, quality management system, integration with information systems. The applicant’s personal account includes subsystems: submission of documents, entrance exams, enrollment, conclusion of contracts, feedback, authorization in the personal account. The problems and prospects for the digital transformation of the education system and the issues of integrating personal accounts into the electronic environment of universities are also considered. In particular, we can propose the integration of personal accounts into the following possible versions of basic platforms: LMS - learning management system (for example, LMS Moodle); ERP - enterprise resource planning (for example, 1C: PROF University); university Internet portal (for example, on the 1C-Bitrix platform); implementation of personal accounts using the university’s own software developments based on systems with a web interface (with an adapted version for mobile devices). In addition, a model for the possible integration of the personal accounts of a student and a lecturer into the university information environment is created. Besides, an example of the implementation of a lecturer’s personal account in the Electronic information and educational environment of the Bashkir State Agrarian University is given.

Conclusion. We can conclude that the digital transformation of higher education is an extremely complex, multi-component task. Its effective solution is possible only through the integration interaction of all participants in the educational process. Organization of effective interaction between the administration, lecturers, students and applicants of the university based on the use of modern information technologies will allow for continuous monitoring of the progress of educational activities with the possibility of carrying out corrective measures to ensure the intensification of activities in key areas for the university. The introduction of personal accounts of students, lecturers and applicants into the activities of the university will automate interaction with all participants in the educational process, which will help to improve its efficiency.

The article considers the main approach to the design of educational programs for several qualifications, which is allowed for applying, but in fact is not used by educational organizations in Russia due to the incomprehensibility of the structure and scope of the program, as well as the rules for financing and implementation.

To achieve the result, the article used the method of in-depth analysis of legislative requirements for the design of educational programs. The article discusses the main approaches to designing the scope of the program and the timing of its implementation. The tasks of including thematic modules and the rules for fulfilling the conjugation of learning outcomes are considered. The analysis of the financial support of the processes of program implementation, as well as the urgent tasks of organizing competitions for the allocation of control digits for admission to programs of several qualifications, was carried out.

The paper presents experience in using the Electronic MPEI information systems used for the development of educational programs. Electronic MEI is an educational constructor in which, through templates and data, standardized documents are obtained that are automatically checked to ensure compliance with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation.

As a result of the study, two options for designing programs for several qualifications were identified: programs for two qualifications with one diploma or programs for obtaining two diplomas of higher and additional education. Two-qualification programs will become a “growth point” for the development of Russian education, help to form professional qualifications linked to modern digital and entrepreneurial competencies that young professionals need today.

Structural thinking is an important skill that allows you to identify structures in randomly presented information, see relationships at all levels, makes it possible to break a whole into components and create holistic structures and systems from a set of elements. Structural thinking plays a special role in the activities of a teacher, because the pedagogical process constantly requires the organization of educational information for the purpose of its effective perception. The lecturer constantly has to process a huge amount of educational material, highlighting the main thing and setting a certain visual structure. However, despite the many works devoted to the development of structural thinking, the question of its diagnosis as a professional competence remains open.

The aim of the paper is to develop diagnostic material for assessing the level of development of structural thinking as a universal pedagogical competence and its testing among undergraduate students at the Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics of the Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafiev.

Materials and methods. Analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature and methodological developments made it possible to construct diagnostic material for assessing structural thinking as a universal pedagogical competence at three levels: the level of structure, the level of details and the level of complex tasks. The study was conducted among 84 students of the 2nd-3rd year of the Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafiev studying in the direction of “Pedagogical Education” with the profiles “Mathematics and Computer Science”, “Physics and Technology”. Respondents were offered a text for which they had to complete four professional tasks - the ability to highlight the main idea, the ability to create a tree of concepts, put educational questions to the text and the ability to compress information. Each task reflected the level at which students developed structural thinking.

The results of the study showed that many students have difficulties identifying the main idea in the text, and as a consequence, constructing its structure in the form of a mental diagram. Students experienced particular difficulties when putting questions to the text, allowing them to cover its entire amount of information and compress the text into an information poster. The data obtained confirm the need to familiarize students with methods and tools for constructing diagrams, concept models, learning to put questions to educational material, and visualizing information through compression, which is also noted by the authors of the analyzed works in this study.

Conclusion. The data obtained actualize the need to focus educational tasks on working with structures in the process of professional training of future lecturers. In addition, the proposed methodology can be used to identify at what level students begin to experience difficulties in structuring and visualizing information, and to select suitable methods and means for developing their structural thinking.